| The above article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/galero 6/14/05 |
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Galero, in the Roman Catholic Church,
is a large, broad-brimmed tasseled hat worn
by clergy. Over the centuries it was eventually
limited in use to individual cardinals as
a
crown symbolizing the title of Prince
of the Church. When creating a cardinal,
the Pope would crown the candidate with
a scarlet galero in consistory.
Second Vatican Council
In 1969, a papal decree following the Second Vatican Council ended the use of the galero as an act of humbling the Church hierarchy. It was deemed that by removing such elaborate regalia, the people could better identify with their pastoral leaders. Today, only the scarlet zucchetto and biretta are placed over the heads of cardinals in consistory. However, some cardinals continue to obtain the galeros privately so that the old ceremony of its suspension over their tombs may be observed.
The galero is hung forever over the congregants of a cathedral, where they remain until they are reduced to dust, symbolizing how all earthly glory is passing.
Holy Name Cathedral in Chicago, Illinois, the Cathedral Basilica of Saint Louis in Saint Louis, Missouri, and the Cathedral of St. Matthew the Apostle in Washington, D.C. are three Cathedral churches in the United States that hang the galeros of past Cardinals on the ceilings.
Ecclesiastical Heraldry
The galero
(or "ecclesiastical
hat")
is still
in use today
in ecclesiastical
heraldry
as part
of the achievement
of the coat
of arms
of an armigerous
Roman Catholic
cleric.
It replaces
the
helmet
and crest
because
those were
considered
too warlike
for the
clerical
state. The
color of
the galero
and number
of tassels
(sometimes
termed houppes
or fiocci)
indicate
the cleric's
place in
the hierarchy.
A bishop's
galero is
green with
six tassels.
An archbishop's
galero is
also green
but has
ten tassels.
Both patriarchs
and cardinals
have a galero
with fifteen
tassels,
but the
patriarch's
is green
while the
cardinal's
is red or
scarlet.
Even a priest
uses the
galero in
his arms,
but uses
a simple
black with
two tassels.
However,
priests
who hold
additional
offices,
such as
vicar general
or abbot,
or who have
additional
honors such
as Chaplain
of His Holiness
gain additional
tassels
and different
colored
hats. Popes
do not use
a galero
in their
personal
arms, rather
the
Papal Tiara
and Keys
of Saint
Peter are
used.
The depiction of the galero in arms can vary greatly, depending on the artist's style. Typically the top of the hat is a flat, and the brim is very wide. However, the brim can also be rendered much narrower, and the top can be domed. Such variants sometimes look like a cappello romano with tassels, but in heraldry it is still considered a galero.
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